Internal-combustion engine



May 22, 1928.- 1-670,374

- E. 1.. MYERS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 5, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 1' I gmnntoz WITNESS E. L. MYERS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 5, 1924 5 Sheets- Sheet 2 May" 22, 1928.

E. L. MYERS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 5, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet .c g i gnoe'nfoz Patented May 22, 1928.

' ELDBIDGE Ii. MYERS, OI WASHINGTQN, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed April 3,

My invention relates to improvements in an internal combustion engine of the twocycle type. The objects of my improvements are as follows:

.First, to conserve-as much of the heat energy o'f thefdel as possible.

Second, to provide a good scavenger for the exhaust.

Third, the elimination of as much vibration as possible.

Fourth, the elimination of excess moving parts, contributing to silence in operation.

Fifth, to make practical the use of cheap fuels. 1

These objects I attain by the mechanism illustratedin the accompanying drawings in which Figs. 1 and 2 are vertical sections as seen by an observer looking from the front and side respectively. Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line A of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan view on the line B of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line C of Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a rear view. Figs. 4, 5, 6 and? are diametrieal drawings to show the relation of the various parts in the different positions during the cycle and the flow of air, gas and fuel. Fig. 8. is a out View of the cylinder-piston with the outer wall removed to show the travel of the air in passing from the outer cylinder into the inner chamber." Fig. 9, view of the cylinderpiston with walls equi-distant from each other. Fig. 10, enlarged view of piston.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the various views. V

The crankshaft, 1, has rod 2, connected to it which in turn is connected to piston, 3, by pin 4L 5 is a bracing fin of the walls of piston 3. 6 is a piston pin of rod, 7, connecting piston 15 to shaft 1. 8 the rings of piston 15. 9 the main cylinder casting. 10 the cylinder head. 11 the crank case, 12, the counter, balance for crankshaft. 13 groove for pin, 4, to slide in. 14 rings for piston, 3. -15, inner piston. 16 exhaust manifold. 17 port for exhaust in piston 3. 18 port for injection of fuel in piston 3. .19. cover for side of motor 20, injector. 21 port in cylinder casting for air inlet. water jacket. 23 port for injection of air from outer to inner chamber.

The cycle operation is as follows: I

Cylinder-piston 3 on the down stroke from -u'pcr centre forms a partial vacuum in c amber above it and when the top of cyl- 1924. Serial No. 703,838.

port 21, air is cylinder-piston cylinder-piston inner chamber between pistons 3 and 15 as illustrated by Fig. 8. The air-in passing from the one chamber to the other takes up part of the heat of the previous explosion and thus acts as a cooling agent tothe engine and at the same time absorbs heat' which is desirable later in the cycle.

The inlet of the air from the outer to the inner chamber takes place when piston 15 is near bottom centre and piston 3 near top centre.

Following this injection of the air as the cycle continues, compression takes place between cylinder-piston 3 and piston 15.

At a pre-determined time, near or at max imum compression, fuel in the iproper quantity is injected by injector 20 through. port 18 of piston 3. hecompressionis of sufficient pressure to raise the temperature of the air abovethe flash point of the fuel used and the amount of compression necessary would depend upon the grade of fuel,

used.

Immediately followinginjection of the to give a counter balance of forces. -As

expansion continues, and port 17 of piston 3 in the upper travel lines up with exhaust manifold port 16, exhaust takes place. It

is obvious thatv at approximately the same time, ,new air is injected for the nextexp1osion thus helping to scavenge the burnt gases;

Piston pin 4 shown in Fig. 2 is a combina: tion piston pin and cross head for piston 3. The cross head feature is used to serve as an absorber of the thrusts produced by rod 2. due to. the fact that rod 2 is off centre'to cylinder 3.

The fins between the inner and outer walls of piston 3 serves three purposes;

First. to support the walls, second, to

carry off the heat of combustion. and third,-

to heat the incoming air.

The walls of piston 3 coulda-lso be arranged as in Fig. 9 i. e. the center of each wall being a line in common to both. In such a case it would be my intention to use two connecting rods making another throw on the crankshaft necessary. I prefer however to use the walls placed eccentrically as set forth.

In Fig. 10, I represent an enlarged view of reciprocating cylinder piston 23. The travel of the air or gas as the case may be from the outer to the inner chamber is as follows. As the air is compressed in the outer chamber the air begins to pass into and through port 24 and follows direction of arrows down and under tin which has an opening at the bottom and up the opposite side and over the to a of the next fin which has an opening at the top. 5 refers to the fins and 25 refers to the half-moon shaped plate at the bottom of the fins to keep the air 01' gas from escaping. This down and up and around circulation of the air or gas continues until the air or gas enters port 18 on the opposite side of the reciprocating cylinder piston. IVhen inner piston 15 first uncovers port 18 the gases of combustion hzve become so expanded that the pressure in the inner and outer chamber are about equal and when exhaust port 17 is uncovered the burnt gases are forced out by the incomin air or gas.

Iigure 8, shows how the fins a re placed in order to reverse the direction of the air several times to take up the heat of combustion and also to travel to opposite side of piston.

Figures 4 and 5 are diametrical sketches of the front and side of the motor with piston 15 at bottom center and piston 3 at top center, arrow marks show exhaust going out and inlet air coming in.

Fig. 6, shows piston at 45 degrees before top center and cylinder-piston 45 degrees before bottom center.

Fig. 7. shows upper chamber filled with air and maximum compression in the inner chamber, and also shows injection taking place.

In the several views 25 refers to the halfmoon-like plate at the bottom of the bracing fins.

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with an outer closed cylinder,

a piston cylinder mounted to reciprocate in said cylinder, a. compression chamber between said outer cylinder and piston cylinder, and cooling means forming a passage betweensaid compression chamber and the space within said reciprocating cylinder.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a closed outer cylinder, a piston cylinder. said piston cylinder having two walls; cooling fins forming a passage in said wall, pin bosses on said piston, an extended piston pin in said bosses. and a groove in the outer cylinder wall for said pin.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an outer cylinder, at reciprocating cylinder piston in said outer cylinder, cooling fins between the double walls of said reciprocating piston, said cylinder piston being closed at its upper portion to form a compression chamber between the outer cylinder and cylinder piston, inlet and exhaust ports, and a recipro-ating piston within said reciprocating cylinder piston.

at. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an outer closed cylinder. :1 cylinder piston reciprocately mounted in said cylinder. double walls formed in said piston cylinder. spiral cooling passages for the path of the compressed air, inlet and exhaust ports between the outer cylindei and piston cylinder. and a reciprtwating piston mounted in said piston cylinder,

5. An internal combustion engine, consisting of an outer cylinder, a cylinder piston in said outer cylinder, an inner piston within said cylinder piston, an explosive chamber between the heads of said piston and cylinder piston, a compression chamber between the outer cylinder head and the cylinder piston, an inlet and exhaust port in said cylinder piston. said inner bore of said cylinder piston being eccentrically arranged in respect to the outer cylinder walls of said cylinder piston. cooling fins within the inner and outer walls of said cylinder piston, which also form a passage for air from said compression chamber to said combustion chamber, and an exhaust port in said outer cylinder wall.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

ELDRIDGE L. MYERS. 

